Problem
- Up to 86% of surgeons report work related pain[1]
- Surgeons are often exposed to non-neutral neck and shoulder postures for prolonged periods of time[2]
- Adequate knowledge of ergonomics has been reported in as few as 11% of practicing surgeons[3]
Risk Factors
Head Forward Position & Neck Flexion
- For every inch the head moves forward in space, its relative weight increases by 10 lbs., increasing the demand on neck muscles[3]
- Limiting neck flexion to 20 degrees can result in lower levels of discomfort[4]
Sustained and Awkward Shoulder Elevation
- Shoulder abduction and internal rotation are commonly observed during laparoscopic surgeries
- Increased muscle activation leads to development of fatigue
Lower Limb Support Asymmetry
- Surgeons frequently shift their weight from side-to-side during prolonged surgeries
- Postural imbalance can result in increased shear forces in the lumbar spine
Engineering Controls
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- Adjust Monitor position and height
- Target: 15-40° below eye level
- Approximately ‘arm’s length’ away
- Operating Table height
- Target: relaxed elbows and shoulders
- Placement of Foot pedals
- Aligned with the direction of torso
- Home offices are working environments too!
- Follow recommended ergonomic principles pertaining to chair, desk, monitor, and peripheral requirements
Administrative Controls
- Take Frequent ‘Microbreaks’ for Postural Resets
- Target: 30s every 20min [2,5]
- Drop shoulders and relax the hands
- Self-assess for body weight asymmetry
- Perform Stretches before, during, and after experiencing prolonged static postures
- Alternating Arm Raises (bilateral/unilateral)
- Standing Squats
- Avoid locking the knees whenever possible
- Actively promote and participate in ergonomics programs within your workplace!
References
[1] Park, A. et al. Patients benefit while surgeons suffer: an impending epidemic, J. Am. Coll. Surg.
[2] Dorion, D. Darveau, S. 2013. Do Micropauses Prevent Surgeon’s Fatigue and Loss of Accuracy Associated with Prolonged Surgery? An Experimental Prospective Study, Ann Surg.
[3] Rosenblatt, P. L. et al. 2013. Ergonomics in the operating room: protecting the surgeon. J Minim Invasive Gynecol.
[4] Franasiak, J. M. et al. 2014. Feasibility and effectiveness of an ergonomics training program to address high rates of strain among robotic surgeons. JSLS.
[5] Shiromani, J. et al. 2017. Ergonomics in the operating room. Surg Endosc.
[5] Seagull, F. J. 2012 Disparities between industrial and surgical ergonomics. Work.
Why Sandalwood?
We are a one-stop-shop for launching job rotation for any employer from conception to implementation. Our experts tailor our services to meet the needs of our customers by collaborating with them throughout the entire process. We do not offer cookie cutter solutions for job rotation because the needs of employers vary significantly.
Why Sandalwood?
Sandalwood is pleased to offer solutions above and beyond the traditional ergonomic assessments. With an in-depth knowledge of various digital human modelling software suites, integration and adoption to your health and safety programs has never been easier. Sandalwood is experienced in ergonomic program design as well as industry leaders in digital human modelling services. We have a diverse team that is able the leverage the results from the digital human model to provide in depth risk assessments of future designs and current state. Sandalwood is also able to pair these assessments with expertise and provide guidance on the best solution for you. Sandalwood is also on the forefront of emerging technologies and able to integrate Motion capture, Wearables, and extended or virtual reality into your ergonomic program.
